A centre of commerce, it was visited in the late 13th century by the Venetian traveler Marco Polo, who called it Kinsai, or Quinsay; it then had an estimated population of 1 million to 1.5 million. In addition to thermal electric-generating plants, the city is connected via the regional power grid to the large Xinan River hydroelectric project to the southwest and to Shanghai and Nanjing. This knowledge predates European discovery. During the Southern Song era, people learned how to live in several of the world's largest urban centers ever constructed until that time. However, Hangzhou is also an ancient city with a rich and complex history. [CDATA[ Schedules, Train App In the year 1234, the Song army joined the Mongol army in attacking the Jin Empire that had been fending off the Mongols for more than two decades. The Song Dynasty thought that if they could gain the Xia territory, they could perhaps reestablish the lucrative Silk Road trade that benefited the earlier Han (206 BC 220 AD) and Tang Dynasties. After a short period of invasion and infighting among rivals, the remnants of the empire arose again south of the Yangtze. However, unlike their influence in developing culture, religion and philosophy, many of the Song scientific advances were lost and forgotten in the later dynasties. Since 1949 Hangzhou, though it has been carefully preserved as a scenic district and tourist attraction, has also developed into an industrial centre. He wrote scientific treatises about his own cutting-edge research and about various fields that show advanced knowledge in several areas. 1993 - Hangzhou Economic & Technological Development Zone approved. The government built an advanced large navy to protect the merchant shipping. Some of the Song hexagonal or octagonal pagodas that were built of brick and/or wood still survive. The Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty or the Mongol invasion of China beginning under gedei Khan (r. 1229 - 1241) and completed under Kublai Khan (r. 1260-1294) was the final step for the Mongols to rule the whole of continental East Asia under the Yuan dynasty (a division of the Mongol Empire).It is considered the Mongol Empire's last great military achievement. Zhejiang Official Secondary Normal School, Hangzhou Wahaha Nutritional Foods Factory, List of universities and colleges in Hangzhou, Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Zhejiang), List of first batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of second batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of third batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of fourth batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of fifth batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, Botanic Gardens Conservation International, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants", "From Popsicle Maker to Beverage Billionaire, China's Richest Man", "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants", "Hangzhou mayor Shao Zhanwei dies during NPC session", "Description of the Great City of Kinsay", The Authoritative Website of Hangzhou History and Culture | WWW.HICENTER.CN, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Hangzhou&oldid=1138536108, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from EB9, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. 8 700 000 people Flag of China In February 2022 2023. According to the newly-released Bulletin on Key Population Data of Zhejiang Province (2021), the permanent population of Zhejiang Province has reached 65.40 million by the end of 2021, showing an increase of 720 thousand compared to the end of 2020, which was 64.68 million. We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your image export is now complete. With these strengths, the new empire quickly started flourishing by prioritizing maritime trade and building a powerful navy. Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279) These years saw Hangzhou's golden age of prosperity as it became the capital city of the Southern Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty managed to win several military victories over the Tanguts in the early 11th century. Which of the following assertions in the description of Hangzhou above would be most difficult to verify? Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Accessed March 04, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/466968/china-population-of-hangzhou/, UN DESA. [57] [58] Hangzhou has won the hearts of more and more young people in recent years. This saying means "in heaven there is paradise, on earth there is Su[zhou] and Hang[zhou]". He set up the educational and administrative system not only for the Song Empire, but his educational and governmental policies set the precedent for the later dynasties. This article incorporates information from the Ukrainian Wikipedia. We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your data export is now complete. 1. In 2010, the population of Hangzhou had amounted to about 5.76 million inhabitants and was forecasted to grow up to almost 9.7 million by 2035. As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. Han people thought that the stunted feet made the women more beautiful. Captives and captured land were mutually exchanged. Hangzhou - 12.2 million (up by 239,000) 3. The population couldn't grow. They couldn't conquer their neighbors, but they didn't lose significant territory to them either. There are scheduled flights to Singapore and to Hong Kong and other major cities in China from Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport (opened 2000), 17 miles (28 km) east of the city. Subsequently, although no longer a major port, it remained a commercial centre for domestic trade and was opened to foreign trade in 1896. After fighting the Mongols for about 20 years, after the Mongols conquered Hangzhou in 1279, the remaining Song court and their supporters took to a fleet of ships to escape the Mongols. 10 Foreign Nationalities in China : South Korea, American and Japanese are the 3 top foreign nationalities. Since the opening of China in the 20th century, Hangzhou has been on the rebound. Hangzhou is a city in China and had a population of 5,162,039 (including Xiaoshan and Yuhang) at the 2010 census, an increase of 4.8% per year since the 2000 census. Food, Train Stations urban agglom., 3,007,000. Shen Kuo's Dream Pool Essays of 1088 was a voluminous scientific composition that can be said to contain the forefront of knowledge in his time of astronomy, magnetism and other fields. There was a giant naval battle involving 200,000 people on a fleet of 1,000 ships against 20,000 Mongol troops on only 50 ships! [16] 1981 - Zhou Feng becomes mayor. What was the importance of the Indian Ocean during the 1200-1500's? Silk and porcelain were the two most valuable exports. A centre of commerce, it was visited in the late 13th century by the Venetian traveler Marco Polo, who called it Kinsai, or Quinsay; it then had an estimated population of 1 million to 1.5 million. But during the preceding Tang era and before, the Han people mainly ate wheat and millet as their staple grains. The biggest Southern Song metropolises didn't have walls around them for protection and were more like modern cities. The Song era and the Han era stand out as the two dynastic eras in China's history with the most rapid scientific and technical progress. He was well aware of the scientific progress made by his contemporaries and able to describe it well. The population doubled in the 10th and 11th centuries, and science and technology advanced. The Mongols maneuvered around the immobile fleet and set the Song ships on fire in the hot, dry weather. Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E. The Tangut people had a large kingdom called Western Xia (10381227) in the northwest that controlled access to the strategic Gansu land corridor, a huge long valley, that permitted travel and trade on the Silk Road. On the Population HUB website you can find out the number of people in any of the regions of the Earth. China The city has adopted policies this year to attract people to settle down, which will lead to a further population increase in the following years, said the report. (May 16, 2018). Backlinks from other websites and blogs are the lifeblood of our site and are our primary source of new traffic. They may have been key factors in the dynasty's downfall. After the Qing Dynasty crumbled and the republic was established, Hangzhou lost economic status to Shanghai with its foreign stakes in the 1920s. However, he didn't discover the compass. Fast site work and constantly updated data. From 1075 to 1077, the Ly Dynasty in Vietnam fought them. Visiting historical Hangzhou is slightly easier than in other large cities that have been developing at light-speed. Learn more about how Statista can support your business. These nine books were compiled, standardized, and compiled during the Song era. It was also the focus of the earliest network of modern motor roads, constructed in the 1930s. Private trading companies in these giant merchant cities exported Chinese tea, silk and manufactured goods such as steel products. Song court officials were generally chosen based on their performance on the Imperial Exam. Have unparalleled flexibility, which is impossible on a group tour. a. 1277 - Hangzhou Salt Distribution Commission established. The Jurchens made Kaifeng their capital and founded the Jin Empire (11151234). //]]> Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. They also learned to mass produce the fine porcelain. answer choices facilitated trade provided a nice breeze their way. So rice cultivation spread into more areas of the Song Empire. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Hangzhou - Population. READ MORE: Beijing's Population Declines For First Time in 20 Years. a. The document excerpted below,by an unknown author, describes the Southern Song capital of Hangzhou a city of between seven and eightsquare miles in 1235.Document Excerpts with QuestionsFrom Chinese Civilization: A Sourcebook, edited by Patricia . The combination of a pleasant environment alongside business growth means Hangzhou is now one of the wealthiest cities in China with an estimated 153 people worth . An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. First of all, systematic studies are conducted on the spatial variation of population in Hangzhou over more than 30 years, based on data from several national censuses including the most recent one, the fifth census in 2000. Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang province and home to Alibaba Group, recorded an estimated population of almost 10 million by the end of 2018, according to a metro newspaper owned by Hangzhou Daily Press Group. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Only the Song Empire was standing, and it was isolated. The Song period (960-1276) was a time of economic growth, population growth, and urbanization. You can only download this statistic as a Premium user. A prefecture named Hangzhou was created there in 589, during the Sui dynasty (581618), which is the source of the citys name. & Referral Program. [56] The most recent estimates of the city's urban area population are between 6,658,000 and 6,820,000. Please do not hesitate to contact me. Urban dweller's education improved since schools were numerous, and greater wealth allowed the people to have the time to engage in study, reading, artistic pursuits, and travel. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The Neo-Confucian Classics were the Four Books and Five Classics (). to incorporate the statistic into your presentation at any time. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Tags: WHS 9.1.B Question 2 30 seconds Q. But it wasn't as important an innovation for the Song Empire as it turned out to be in Europe. With the rapid development of the economy and increase of population . The government of Hangzhou, a tech hub in east China . They allied themselves with the Jurchens (or Jin) and started a war that ended in their disaster in the year 1125. Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Hangzhou, China metro area from 1950 to 2023. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [16] 1978 - Hangzhou Teachers College founded. "2030", 20072020271, . For about 150 years, the result of the Song wars was stalemate. The Song used varieties of gunpowder in rockets including multistage rockets, guns, cannons, chemical warfare weapons, and bombs. They built their tallest wooden pagoda at Bianjing. -1, Xi Story: Preserving the beauty of West Lake, Hangzhou summit sees nation moving to common prosperity, Viewing the city at one meter: Hangzhou steps up child-friendly city construction, Hangzhou Asian Games keeps sportsmanship alive, Official English Website of Zhejiang Province. Hangzhou is one of 137 cities in China and ranks 13 in the China population. They built paddle-wheel ships that were faster and more maneuverable than regular boats in the rivers. The Mongols blockaded the fleet so that they ran out of water. By using huge kilns and bellows, they could bake at extremely high temperatures as many as 25,000 pieces at one time. Hangzhou Export Processing Zone approved. 1950 610,000. As the Song Empire expanded in the late 900s, they resisted them. 100% payment refund prior to 3 weeks before departure (. Hangzhou is also a national centre of higher education. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. *Estimate. Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything." - Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E. With increased growth since the late 20th century, the city has spread to the southern bank of the Qiantang River in recent years, and its metropolitan area includes the city of Xiaoshan to the southeast. Zeng Gongliang and Yang Weide wrote a treatise called Wujing Zongyao in 1044 that described several formulas for making powerful blasting powder with a large percentage of nitrate. They carried gunpowder bombs that could blow up enemy boats. Nanchang - 6.4 million (up by 183,000) 4. Holidays in China in 2023, A Full List Is Here! They captured the emperor and much of the ruling clan in 1129. With their large populations, access to major resources like food and goods, and complex networks of roads and trade, big cities were natural centers of urbanization and development that contributed to the growth of trade. As a Premium user you get access to the detailed source references and background information about this statistic. International trade was a very important part of their economy. At the end of the Song Dynasty in 1277, the Song army used landmines against the Mongols. Large commercial cities such as Hangzhou grew so large and rich that they astounded Marco Polo (12541324), the Italian merchant and government official, when he saw them. Nationalities most represented in Shanghai: Japan> USA > South Korea > France > Germany > Singapore . Use Ask Statista Research Service. Population: 784,000. 2. In response, the Ly Dynasty sent an army of perhaps 100,000 to Nanning and soundly defeated three Song armies. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035. During his 16 years of rule, he instituted important successful imperial policies and won his wars of expansion. That the merchandise sold in Hangzhou was of higher quality than that sold in other Chinese cities c. In Europe, the introduction of movable type printing caused a huge literary, social, religious and political revolution and great cultural change because movable type printing for Europeans was much more economical than block printing.
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